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'n
/ə/
Onbepaalde lidwoord wat 'n nie-nader-bepaalde selfstandige naamwoord aandui.
aan
/ɑːn/
Voorsetsel wat rigting, aanraking of 'n ontvanger aandui.
aandete
áandete
The main meal eaten in the evening; dinner or supper.
aartappel
áártappel
An edible starchy tuber, commonly cooked and eaten as a vegetable; a potato.
afguns
áfguns
A resentful feeling caused by another person’s success, possessions, qualities, or advantages; envy.
alles
/aləs/
Onbepaalde voornaamwoord wat na alle dinge saam verwys.
altyd
/altɛit/
Bywoord wat 'te alle tye' of 'sonder uitsondering' beteken.
arrogant
arrogánt
Having or showing an exaggerated sense of one’s own importance, abilities, or superiority; haughty or conceited.
as
/as/
Voegwoord wat 'n voorwaarde of vergelyking inlei.
asseblief
/asəˈblif/
Beleefdheidswoord wat 'n versoek versag.
baba
bába
em bé
badkamer
bádkamer
A bathroom; a room with facilities for washing, typically a bath or shower and often a toilet.
baie
/bɑjə/
Bywoord of bepaler wat 'n groot hoeveelheid of hoë graad aandui.
bak
bák
to bake; to cook food with dry heat, especially in an oven
baklei
bakléi
To fight physically; to engage in a fight.
bang
báng
Afraid or frightened; feeling fear.
bed
béd
giường
bedien
bedíén
to serve someone, especially by bringing food or drink or helping a customer
berou
beróu
A feeling of deep regret or remorse for something wrong one has done.
bier
bíer
An alcoholic drink made by fermenting malted grain, usually flavored with hops; beer.
bly
blý
ở lại
botter
bótter
A soft, pale-yellow fatty food made from churned cream, used as a spread or in cooking; butter.
braai
bráai
A social meal or gathering at which meat or other food is cooked over an open fire or coals; a barbecue.
broek
bróek
A pair of trousers or pants; an outer garment worn from the waist down, covering the legs separately.
broer
bróer
A male sibling; a boy or man in relation to another child of the same parents.
brood
bróód
bánh mì
buigsaam
búigsaam
Able to bend easily without breaking; flexible or pliable.
dag
/dax/
Tydperk van vier-en-twintig uur, of die tyd wanneer dit lig is.
dan
/dan/
Bywoord wat 'n daaropvolgende tyd of 'n gevolg aandui.
dankie
/daŋki/
Uitdrukking van dankbaarheid.
dapper
dápper
dũng cảm
deur
déur
A movable panel or barrier used to open and close an entrance to a room, building, cupboard, vehicle, or similar space; a door.
die
/di/
mạo từ xác định
dink
/dəŋk/
Met die verstand oorweeg; 'n mening hê.
dit
/dət/
Onsydige voornaamwoord wat na 'n saak, ding of feit verwys.
dogter
dógter
A female child in relation to her parents; a daughter.
drie
/dri/
Die telwoord vir die getal 3.
drink
drínk
To take liquid into the mouth and swallow it.
een
/eːn/
Die telwoord vir die getal 1.
eerlik
éerlik
Honest; truthful and morally upright; not deceitful or corrupt.
eerste
/eːrstə/
Rangtelwoord wat die begin van 'n reeks aandui.
eet
éét
To eat; to put food into the mouth, chew it, and swallow it.
eggenoot
eggenóót
A male spouse; a husband.
eggenote
eggenóte
A wife; a female spouse.
eier
éier
trứng
ek
/ɛk/
tôi
en
/ɛn/
và
enkellopend
énkellopend
single; not married or not in a romantic relationship
familie
famílie
A group of people related by blood, marriage, adoption, or close kinship; one’s relatives.
gaan
/xɑːn/
Werkwoord wat beweging na 'n plek aandui, of as hulpwerkwoord die toekoms aandui.
geduldig
gedúldig
able to wait, endure difficulty, or tolerate delay without becoming annoyed or upset; patient
gee
/xeː/
Iets aan iemand oorhandig of skenk.
geen
/xeːn/
Ontkennende bepaler wat 'geen enkele' beteken.
geliefde
gelíefde
A person who is dearly loved; a beloved, sweetheart, or loved one.
gelukkig
gelúkkig
happy; feeling or showing pleasure, contentment, or satisfaction
gesin
gesín
A family unit, especially parents and their children living together; a household family.
geskei
geskéi
divorced; no longer legally married
geskok
geskók
shocked, upset, or deeply surprised by something unpleasant or unexpected
gespanne
gespánne
tense, nervous, or anxious; under mental or emotional strain
getroud
getróud
married; having a husband, wife, or spouse
goed
góed
Good; of satisfactory quality, suitable, pleasant, or morally right.
goeie
/xujə/
Verboë vorm van 'goed' wat voor 'n selfstandige naamwoord staan.
graag
/xrɑːx/
Bywoord wat 'n gewilligheid of begeerte uitdruk om iets te doen.
groente
'groente
vegetables; edible plants or parts of plants, especially when eaten as food with a meal
groet
gróet
to greet someone; to say hello or acknowledge someone politely
groot
/xruət/
Van aansienlike grootte of omvang.
haar
/ɦɑːr/
cô ấy
haat
háat
intense dislike or hostility; hatred
hand
'hand
The part at the end of the arm, including the palm, fingers, and thumb.
handskoen
hándskoen
A glove; a covering for the hand, usually with separate parts for the fingers and thumb, worn for warmth, protection, or hygiene.
hart
hárt
The organ in the chest that pumps blood through the body; also used for the seat of a person’s feelings, courage, or inner life.
hartseer
hártseer
sad, sorrowful, or emotionally hurt; heartbroken.
help
hélp
To assist someone; to make it easier for someone to do something or deal with a problem.
hemp
hémp
áo sơ mi
het
/ɦət/
Vorm van 'hê' wat besit aandui of as hulpwerkwoord die verlede tyd vorm.
hier
/ɦir/
đây
hierdie
/ɦirədi/
Aanwysende voornaamwoord wat na iets naby verwys.
hoe
/ɦu/
Vraende bywoord wat na die wyse of graad vra.
hoender
hóender
A chicken; a domestic fowl kept for eggs, meat, or breeding.
hom
/ɔm/
Voorwerpsvoornaamwoord wat na 'n manlike persoon of ding verwys.
hoopvol
hóópvol
feeling or showing hope; optimistic about a possible outcome
huis
húis
A building for people to live in; a house.
hulle
/ɦələ/
Persoonlike voornaamwoord van die derde persoon meervoud.
huwelik
húwelik
The legally or socially recognized union between two people as spouses; marriage.
hy
/ɦɛi/
Persoonlike voornaamwoord wat na 'n manlike persoon of ding verwys.
impulsief
impulsíef
Acting suddenly on feelings or urges, without careful thought or planning; characterized by such behavior.
in
/ən/
Voorsetsel wat aandui dat iets binne-in 'n plek of ruimte is.
is
/əs/
Teenwoordige tydvorm van 'wees'; dui aan dat iets bestaan of 'n eienskap het.
ja
/jɑː/
vâng
jaar
/jɑːr/
Tydperk van twaalf maande.
jaloesie
jaloesíe
A feeling of jealousy; resentment, insecurity, or suspicion caused by fear of losing someone’s affection or attention to another person.
jas
jás
A coat or jacket worn over other clothes, especially for warmth or protection.
jou
/jɔu/
bạn
jy
/jɛi/
Persoonlike voornaamwoord van die tweede persoon enkelvoud (informeel).
kaas
káás
phô mai
kaggel
kággel
A fireplace or heating stove, especially one used indoors for warmth.
kalm
kálm
calm; not excited, nervous, angry, or disturbed
kamer
kámer
A room in a house, hotel, or other building.
kan
/kan/
Hulpwerkwoord wat vermoë, moontlikheid of toestemming aandui.
kas
kás
A cupboard, cabinet, or wardrobe used for storing clothes, dishes, or other items.
kind
kínd
A young human being; a child.
klein
/klɛin/
Van geringe grootte of omvang.
kleinkind
kléinkind
a grandchild; the child of one’s son or daughter
klere
klére
Clothes; items worn on the body, such as shirts, trousers, dresses, and jackets.
knoffel
knóffel
Garlic; a strongly flavoured bulb, or the plant that produces it, used especially as a seasoning in cooking.
koeldrank
kóeldrank
A non-alcoholic cold drink, especially a sweetened fizzy drink or soft drink.
koffie
kóffie
A dark, stimulating drink made by infusing roasted and ground coffee beans in hot water; also the beans or ground powder used to make this drink.
kom
/kɔm/
Werkwoord wat beweging na die spreker of 'n plek toe aandui.
kombers
kómbers
A blanket; a large piece of warm fabric used as a bed covering or to keep someone warm.
kombuis
kombúis
A kitchen; a room or area where food is prepared and cooked.
kook
kóók
To prepare food by heating it, especially in water or in a pot; to cook.
kop
kóp
The head of a person or animal.
koppig
kóppig
stubborn; obstinate; unwilling to change one’s opinion, decision, or behaviour
kos
kós
thức ăn
koud
kóud
Having a low temperature; not warm or hot.
kreatief
krea'tief
Having or showing imagination and original ideas; able to create something new or artistic.
kruie
krúie
Herbs or spices used to flavour food.
kussing
kússing
a soft padded object used to support the head or body, or to make a seat more comfortable; a pillow or cushion
kwaad
kwáád
angry; cross; upset with someone or about something
lamp
lámp
A device that produces light, especially an electric lamp used in a room.
lekker
lékker
Tasty; pleasant, enjoyable, or nice.
liefde
'liefde
A deep feeling of affection, care, or attachment toward someone or something; love.
liefhê
líefhê
to love; to feel deep affection for someone or something
lig
líg
Light; the natural or artificial brightness that makes things visible.
liggaam
liggáam
The physical body of a person, animal, or living organism.
luister
lúister
to listen; to give attention to sound or to what someone is saying
maak
/mɑːk/
Iets tot stand bring, vervaardig of 'n handeling verrig.
maaltyd
'maaltyd
An occasion when food is eaten, especially breakfast, lunch, or dinner; a meal.
maar
/mɑːr/
Voegwoord wat 'n teenstelling of beperking inlei.
maat
máát
A friend, companion, or mate.
man
mán
An adult male human being.
meel
méel
flour; a fine powder made by grinding grain, especially wheat, used for baking
meer
/meːr/
Vergelykende vorm wat 'n groter hoeveelheid of graad aandui.
melk
mélk
sữa
meng
méng
To combine two or more substances, things, or elements so that they form a mixture.
mense
/mɛnsə/
Meervoud van 'mens'; menslike wesens saam beskou.
met
/mɛt/
Voorsetsel wat geselskap, middel of vergesel aandui.
middagete
míddagete
A meal eaten around the middle of the day; lunch.
moedeloos
móedeloos
nản chí
moeder
móeder
A female parent; a woman in relation to her child or children.
moedig
móedig
dũng cảm
moet
/mut/
Hulpwerkwoord wat verpligting of noodsaak aandui.
mond
mónd
The mouth: the opening in the face used for eating, speaking, breathing, and making sounds.
mooi
móói
beautiful, pretty, attractive, or pleasing to look at or experience.
my
/mɛi/
Besitlike of voorwerpsvoornaamwoord van die eerste persoon enkelvoud.
môre
/mɔːrə/
Bywoord wat na die dag na vandag verwys.
nederig
néderig
humble; modest; not proud or self-important
nee
/neː/
Woord van ontkenning of weiering.
neef
nééf
anh họ
net
/nɛt/
chỉ
nie
/ni/
Ontkenningswoord wat 'n stelling ontken.
niggie
níggie
A female cousin; also used affectionately for a young female relative, especially a niece or little cousin.
nog
/nɔx/
Bywoord wat voortduring of 'n bykomende hoeveelheid aandui.
nou
/nɔu/
Bywoord van tyd wat die huidige oomblik aandui.
nuwe
/nyvə/
Verboë vorm van 'nuut'; onlangs gemaak of verkry.
of
/ɔf/
hoặc
olie
ólie
A greasy liquid substance, usually insoluble in water, used for cooking, lubrication, fuel, or industrial purposes; oil.
om
/ɔm/
Partikel wat saam met 'te' 'n doel of infinitief inlei.
omhels
omhéls
ôm
onder
/ɔndər/
Voorsetsel wat 'n plek benede of tussen aandui.
ondersteun
onderstéun
to help or assist someone or something, especially by giving practical, emotional, or financial aid
oneerlik
onéérlik
Not honest; deceitful, untruthful, or acting without integrity.
ongeduldig
ongedúldig
not willing or able to wait calmly; showing irritation or restlessness because something is taking too long
ongelukkig
ongelúkkig
Unhappy, sad, or dissatisfied.
ons
/ɔns/
Persoonlike voornaamwoord van die eerste persoon meervoud.
onseker
onséker
Not certain or definite; doubtful, undecided, or not yet known.
ontbyt
ontbýt
Breakfast; the first meal of the day, usually eaten in the morning.
ontspanne
ontspánne
Relaxed, calm, and free from anxiety or tension.
onverskillig
onverskíllig
Indifferent; showing little or no interest, concern, or preference.
onvriendelik
onvriéndelik
Not friendly; showing a lack of kindness, warmth, or courtesy.
oog
óóg
The eye; the organ of sight in a person or animal.
ook
/oːk/
Bywoord wat aandui dat iets ewe of eweneens geld.
oom
óom
An uncle; the brother of one’s mother or father, or the husband of one’s aunt.
oor
óor
The organ of hearing; an ear.
op
/ɔp/
Voorsetsel wat aandui dat iets bo-op 'n oppervlak rus of 'n plek aandui.
opgewonde
opgewónde
phấn khởi
optimisties
optimísties
lạc quan
ouer
óuer
phụ huynh
ouma
óuma
a grandmother; the mother of one’s father or mother
oupa
óupa
A grandfather; the father of one's mother or father.
pasta
pásta
An Italian-style food made from dough, usually shaped into forms such as spaghetti, macaroni, or lasagne and boiled before eating.
pessimisties
pessimísties
bi quan
praat
práát
To speak or talk; to use words in speech, especially in a particular language.
proe
próe
To taste or sample something with the mouth in order to notice its flavour.
prut
prút
to simmer or cook slowly over low heat, with gentle bubbling
rasper
rásper
A grater or rasp; a kitchen or workshop tool with a rough perforated or toothed surface used to grate, shred, or file something.
resep
resép
A set of instructions for preparing a particular dish or drink; a recipe.
respek
respék
A feeling of admiration, esteem, or consideration for someone or something; respect.
respekteer
respektéér
To respect, esteem, or show consideration for someone or something.
roer
róer
To stir or mix a liquid or other substance by moving a spoon or similar implement through it.
rys
rýs
gạo
sagte
ságte
Soft, gentle, mild, or tender; the attributive or inflected form of Afrikaans sag, used before a noun or in certain set expressions.
sal
/sal/
Hulpwerkwoord wat die toekomende tyd of 'n voorneme aandui.
sap
sáp
Juice; the liquid obtained from fruit, vegetables, or other foodstuffs, often drunk as a beverage.
self
/sɛlf/
bản thân
selfversekerd
selfversékerd
Confident; sure of oneself and one's abilities.
senuweeagtig
senuwéeagtig
Nervous, anxious, uneasy, or tense; showing signs of nervousness.
seun
séun
A male child in relation to his parents; a son.
sien
/sin/
Met die oë waarneem; iets raaksien.
skaam
skáam
Feeling nervous or lacking confidence in social situations; shy or bashful.
skakelaar
skákelaar
A switch or switching device used to turn an electrical circuit, light, machine, or similar system on or off, or to change its setting.
skeiding
skéiding
The act or state of separating; a division or boundary between people, things, groups, or ideas.
skep
skép
To create, make, or bring something into being.
skil
skíl
The outer covering, peel, rind, or skin of a fruit, vegetable, or similar object.
skoene
skóene
Shoes; the plural form of Afrikaans “skoen,” a covering for the foot, usually with a sole.
skool
skóol
A school; an institution or place where children or students are taught.
skoon
skóón
Free from dirt, stains, or unwanted matter; clean.
skoonfamilie
skoonfamílie
one's relatives by marriage; one's in-laws collectively
slaai
sláai
A salad; a dish, usually served cold, made from raw or cooked vegetables, fruit, pasta, meat, or other ingredients, often with a dressing.
slaap
sláap
ngủ
sny
sný
To cut, slice, or sever something with a knife, scissors, or another sharp tool.
so
/suə/
như vậy
soen
sóen
hôn
sokker
sókker
bóng đá
sop
sóp
Soup; a liquid dish made by cooking vegetables, meat, or other ingredients in water or stock.
sou
/sɔu/
Verlede tydvorm van 'sal'; dui 'n voorwaardelike of moontlikheid aan.
sout
sóut
A white crystalline substance used to season or preserve food; sodium chloride.
spesery
speserý
A spice; an aromatic plant-derived substance, such as cinnamon, pepper, or cloves, used to flavour food.
spieël
spíeël
a mirror; a smooth reflective surface, especially a glass surface backed with metal, used for seeing reflections
spyskaart
spýskaart
A menu; a written or printed list of the dishes and often drinks available in a restaurant, café, or at a meal.
spyt
spýt
regret; a feeling of sorrow or remorse about something one has done or failed to do
stiefbroer
stíefbroer
A stepbrother; a son of one’s stepparent, or the stepson of one’s parent.
stiefouer
stíefouer
A stepparent; the spouse or partner of one’s biological or adoptive parent, who is not oneself a biological or adoptive parent.
stiefsuster
stíefsuster
A stepsister; a daughter of one's stepparent, or sometimes a daughter of one's parent’s spouse, who is not one's biological sister.
stoel
stóel
A chair; a piece of furniture with a seat, back, and usually four legs, for one person to sit on.
stoom
stóom
Steam; the hot vapour produced when water boils.
stowe
stówe
To stew, braise, or cook food slowly in liquid or its own juices.
suiker
súiker
A sweet crystalline substance obtained chiefly from sugar cane or sugar beet, used to sweeten food and drink.
suster
súster
A girl or woman in relation to other children of the same parents; a sister.
sy
/sɛi/
Persoonlike voornaamwoord wat na 'n vroulike persoon verwys.
sê
/sɛː/
Iets in woorde uitdruk; praat of vertel.
tafel
táfel
A piece of furniture with a flat top and legs, used for eating, writing, working, or placing things on.
tamatie
tamátie
A tomato; the red or yellow edible fruit of a tomato plant, used as a vegetable in cooking and salads.
tante
tánte
An aunt; the sister of one’s mother or father, or the wife of one’s uncle.
te
/tə/
Partikel wat voor 'n infinitiewe werkwoord staan.
tee
'tee
trà
teleurgesteld
teleurgestéld
Disappointed; feeling sadness or dissatisfaction because something was not as good as expected or hoped.
tevrede
tevréde
satisfied; pleased or content with a situation, result, or person
toe
/tu/
Voegwoord wat 'n gebeurtenis in die verlede inlei ('op daardie tydstip').
trots
tróts
Proud; feeling pleased or satisfied because of one’s own or someone else’s achievement, quality, or possession.
trou
tróu
To marry; to enter into marriage with someone or to get married.
tuis
túis
at home; in or to one’s own home or usual place of residence
twee
/tveː/
Die telwoord vir die getal 2.
tyd
/tɛit/
thời gian
ui
úi
củ hành
uit
/œit/
Voorsetsel of bywoord wat 'n beweging na buite aandui.
vader
váder
A male parent; a father.
van
/fan/
của
vandag
/fanˈdax/
Bywoord wat na die huidige dag verwys.
veel
/feːl/
Bepaler wat 'n groot, onbepaalde hoeveelheid aandui.
venster
vénster
An opening in a wall, vehicle, or similar structure, usually fitted with glass, through which light and air can enter and people can see out; a window.
verantwoordelik
verantwóórdelik
Having the duty or obligation to deal with something or to answer for it; responsible or accountable.
verbaas
verbáas
to surprise, amaze, or astonish someone
verdraagsaam
verdráagsaam
khoan dung
verhit
verhít
To heat something; to make something hot or warmer.
verlowing
verlówing
An engagement; the formal agreement or state of being promised to marry someone.
vertrou
vertróu
tin tưởng
vertroue
vertróue
sự tin tưởng
verward
verwárd
bối rối
vir
/fər/
Voorsetsel wat 'n doel, ontvanger of begunstigde aandui.
vleis
vléis
the flesh of an animal used as food; meat
voet
vóet
The part at the end of the leg on which a person stands or walks; a foot.
vra
vrá
To ask a question; to seek information by putting a question to someone.
vriend
vríend
a person whom one knows well and likes; a friend
vriendelik
vríendelik
friendly, kind, or pleasant in manner; showing goodwill toward others
vriendin
vriendín
A female friend; a woman or girl with whom one has a friendship.
vrou
vróu
phụ nữ
vrugte
vrúgte
Fruits; the edible parts of plants or trees, typically containing seeds.
vuil
vúíl
Dirty; not clean; covered with or containing dirt, grime, mud, or another unwanted substance.
waar
/vɑːr/
Vraende of betreklike bywoord wat na 'n plek verwys.
wanneer
/vanˈeːr/
Vraende of betreklike bywoord wat na 'n tydstip verwys.
want
/vant/
Voegwoord wat 'n rede of oorsaak inlei; gee die verklaring vir iets.
warm
wárm
Having or giving a moderate degree of heat; not cold.
was
/vas/
Verlede tydvorm van 'wees'.
wat
/vat/
Betreklike of vraende voornaamwoord wat na 'n saak of ding verwys.
water
wáter
nước
weduwee
wedu'wee
A woman whose spouse has died and who has not remarried; a widow.
weduwnaar
weduwnaár
A man whose spouse has died and who has not remarried; a widower.
weer
/veːr/
Bywoord wat 'nog 'n keer' of herhaling aandui.
wees
/veːs/
Grondvorm van die werkwoord wat bestaan of 'n toestand aandui.
weet
/veːt/
Kennis van iets hê; van iets bewus wees.
werk
wérk
work; activity involving effort, especially duties, tasks, or employment.
wie
/vi/
Vraende of betreklike voornaamwoord wat na 'n persoon verwys.
wil
/vəl/
Hulpwerkwoord wat 'n begeerte of voorneme aandui.
word
/vɔrt/
Werkwoord wat 'n oorgang na 'n toestand aandui of die lydende vorm vorm.
wortel
'wortel
rễ
wrok
wrók
A lasting feeling of resentment, bitterness, or ill will because of a real or perceived wrong; a grudge.
wyn
wýn
An alcoholic drink made by fermenting grape juice; wine.
'n
/ə/
Onbepaalde lidwoord wat 'n nie-nader-bepaalde selfstandige naamwoord aandui.
aan
/ɑːn/
Voorsetsel wat rigting, aanraking of 'n ontvanger aandui.
aandete
áandete
The main meal eaten in the evening; dinner or supper.
aartappel
áártappel
An edible starchy tuber, commonly cooked and eaten as a vegetable; a potato.
afguns
áfguns
A resentful feeling caused by another person’s success, possessions, qualities, or advantages; envy.
alles
/aləs/
Onbepaalde voornaamwoord wat na alle dinge saam verwys.
altyd
/altɛit/
Bywoord wat 'te alle tye' of 'sonder uitsondering' beteken.
arrogant
arrogánt
Having or showing an exaggerated sense of one’s own importance, abilities, or superiority; haughty or conceited.
as
/as/
Voegwoord wat 'n voorwaarde of vergelyking inlei.
asseblief
/asəˈblif/
Beleefdheidswoord wat 'n versoek versag.
baba
bába
em bé
Một em bé; một đứa trẻ rất nhỏ hoặc trẻ sơ sinh.
badkamer
bádkamer
A bathroom; a room with facilities for washing, typically a bath or shower and often a toilet.
baie
/bɑjə/
Bywoord of bepaler wat 'n groot hoeveelheid of hoë graad aandui.
bak
bák
to bake; to cook food with dry heat, especially in an oven
baklei
bakléi
To fight physically; to engage in a fight.
bang
báng
Afraid or frightened; feeling fear.
bed
béd
giường
Một món đồ nội thất hoặc một chỗ dùng để ngủ hay nghỉ ngơi.
bedien
bedíén
to serve someone, especially by bringing food or drink or helping a customer
berou
beróu
A feeling of deep regret or remorse for something wrong one has done.
bier
bíer
An alcoholic drink made by fermenting malted grain, usually flavored with hops; beer.
bly
blý
ở lại
ở lại, còn lại, hoặc tiếp tục ở trong một nơi, trạng thái hay tình huống
botter
bótter
A soft, pale-yellow fatty food made from churned cream, used as a spread or in cooking; butter.
braai
bráai
A social meal or gathering at which meat or other food is cooked over an open fire or coals; a barbecue.
broek
bróek
A pair of trousers or pants; an outer garment worn from the waist down, covering the legs separately.
broer
bróer
A male sibling; a boy or man in relation to another child of the same parents.
brood
bróód
bánh mì
Bánh mì, đặc biệt là thực phẩm làm từ bột nhào nướng chín.
buigsaam
búigsaam
Able to bend easily without breaking; flexible or pliable.
dag
/dax/
Tydperk van vier-en-twintig uur, of die tyd wanneer dit lig is.
dan
/dan/
Bywoord wat 'n daaropvolgende tyd of 'n gevolg aandui.
dankie
/daŋki/
Uitdrukking van dankbaarheid.
dapper
dápper
dũng cảm
Can đảm; thể hiện lòng can đảm trước nguy hiểm, khó khăn hoặc đau đớn.
deur
déur
A movable panel or barrier used to open and close an entrance to a room, building, cupboard, vehicle, or similar space; a door.
die
/di/
mạo từ xác định
Mạo từ xác định dùng để chỉ một danh từ xác định.
dink
/dəŋk/
Met die verstand oorweeg; 'n mening hê.
dit
/dət/
Onsydige voornaamwoord wat na 'n saak, ding of feit verwys.
dogter
dógter
A female child in relation to her parents; a daughter.
drie
/dri/
Die telwoord vir die getal 3.
drink
drínk
To take liquid into the mouth and swallow it.
een
/eːn/
Die telwoord vir die getal 1.
eerlik
éerlik
Honest; truthful and morally upright; not deceitful or corrupt.
eerste
/eːrstə/
Rangtelwoord wat die begin van 'n reeks aandui.
eet
éét
To eat; to put food into the mouth, chew it, and swallow it.
eggenoot
eggenóót
A male spouse; a husband.
eggenote
eggenóte
A wife; a female spouse.
eier
éier
trứng
Trứng: cơ quan sinh sản hình bầu dục hoặc hình tròn do chim, bò sát, cá hoặc loài vật tương tự đẻ ra, đặc biệt là trứng gà dùng làm thức ăn.
ek
/ɛk/
tôi
Đại từ nhân xưng chỉ chính người nói.
en
/ɛn/
và
Liên từ dùng để nối các từ, các cụm từ hoặc các câu với nhau.
enkellopend
énkellopend
single; not married or not in a romantic relationship
familie
famílie
A group of people related by blood, marriage, adoption, or close kinship; one’s relatives.
gaan
/xɑːn/
Werkwoord wat beweging na 'n plek aandui, of as hulpwerkwoord die toekoms aandui.
geduldig
gedúldig
able to wait, endure difficulty, or tolerate delay without becoming annoyed or upset; patient
gee
/xeː/
Iets aan iemand oorhandig of skenk.
geen
/xeːn/
Ontkennende bepaler wat 'geen enkele' beteken.
geliefde
gelíefde
A person who is dearly loved; a beloved, sweetheart, or loved one.
gelukkig
gelúkkig
happy; feeling or showing pleasure, contentment, or satisfaction
gesin
gesín
A family unit, especially parents and their children living together; a household family.
geskei
geskéi
divorced; no longer legally married
geskok
geskók
shocked, upset, or deeply surprised by something unpleasant or unexpected
gespanne
gespánne
tense, nervous, or anxious; under mental or emotional strain
getroud
getróud
married; having a husband, wife, or spouse
goed
góed
Good; of satisfactory quality, suitable, pleasant, or morally right.
goeie
/xujə/
Verboë vorm van 'goed' wat voor 'n selfstandige naamwoord staan.
graag
/xrɑːx/
Bywoord wat 'n gewilligheid of begeerte uitdruk om iets te doen.
groente
'groente
vegetables; edible plants or parts of plants, especially when eaten as food with a meal
groet
gróet
to greet someone; to say hello or acknowledge someone politely
groot
/xruət/
Van aansienlike grootte of omvang.
haar
/ɦɑːr/
cô ấy
Đại từ tân ngữ hoặc sở hữu chỉ một người nữ.
haat
háat
intense dislike or hostility; hatred
hand
'hand
The part at the end of the arm, including the palm, fingers, and thumb.
handskoen
hándskoen
A glove; a covering for the hand, usually with separate parts for the fingers and thumb, worn for warmth, protection, or hygiene.
hart
hárt
The organ in the chest that pumps blood through the body; also used for the seat of a person’s feelings, courage, or inner life.
hartseer
hártseer
sad, sorrowful, or emotionally hurt; heartbroken.
help
hélp
To assist someone; to make it easier for someone to do something or deal with a problem.
hemp
hémp
áo sơ mi
Một chiếc áo; một loại trang phục mặc ở phần thân trên, thường có tay áo và thường có cổ áo và cúc.
het
/ɦət/
Vorm van 'hê' wat besit aandui of as hulpwerkwoord die verlede tyd vorm.
hier
/ɦir/
đây
Phó từ chỉ nơi này, gần người nói.
hierdie
/ɦirədi/
Aanwysende voornaamwoord wat na iets naby verwys.
hoe
/ɦu/
Vraende bywoord wat na die wyse of graad vra.
hoender
hóender
A chicken; a domestic fowl kept for eggs, meat, or breeding.
hom
/ɔm/
Voorwerpsvoornaamwoord wat na 'n manlike persoon of ding verwys.
hoopvol
hóópvol
feeling or showing hope; optimistic about a possible outcome
huis
húis
A building for people to live in; a house.
hulle
/ɦələ/
Persoonlike voornaamwoord van die derde persoon meervoud.
huwelik
húwelik
The legally or socially recognized union between two people as spouses; marriage.
hy
/ɦɛi/
Persoonlike voornaamwoord wat na 'n manlike persoon of ding verwys.
impulsief
impulsíef
Acting suddenly on feelings or urges, without careful thought or planning; characterized by such behavior.
in
/ən/
Voorsetsel wat aandui dat iets binne-in 'n plek of ruimte is.
is
/əs/
Teenwoordige tydvorm van 'wees'; dui aan dat iets bestaan of 'n eienskap het.
ja
/jɑː/
vâng
Từ dùng để khẳng định hoặc tỏ ý đồng ý.
jaar
/jɑːr/
Tydperk van twaalf maande.
jaloesie
jaloesíe
A feeling of jealousy; resentment, insecurity, or suspicion caused by fear of losing someone’s affection or attention to another person.
jas
jás
A coat or jacket worn over other clothes, especially for warmth or protection.
jou
/jɔu/
bạn
Đại từ tân ngữ hoặc sở hữu ngôi thứ hai số ít.
jy
/jɛi/
Persoonlike voornaamwoord van die tweede persoon enkelvoud (informeel).
kaas
káás
phô mai
Một loại thực phẩm được làm từ phần đông của sữa; phô mai.
kaggel
kággel
A fireplace or heating stove, especially one used indoors for warmth.
kalm
kálm
calm; not excited, nervous, angry, or disturbed
kamer
kámer
A room in a house, hotel, or other building.
kan
/kan/
Hulpwerkwoord wat vermoë, moontlikheid of toestemming aandui.
kas
kás
A cupboard, cabinet, or wardrobe used for storing clothes, dishes, or other items.
kind
kínd
A young human being; a child.
klein
/klɛin/
Van geringe grootte of omvang.
kleinkind
kléinkind
a grandchild; the child of one’s son or daughter
klere
klére
Clothes; items worn on the body, such as shirts, trousers, dresses, and jackets.
knoffel
knóffel
Garlic; a strongly flavoured bulb, or the plant that produces it, used especially as a seasoning in cooking.
koeldrank
kóeldrank
A non-alcoholic cold drink, especially a sweetened fizzy drink or soft drink.
koffie
kóffie
A dark, stimulating drink made by infusing roasted and ground coffee beans in hot water; also the beans or ground powder used to make this drink.
kom
/kɔm/
Werkwoord wat beweging na die spreker of 'n plek toe aandui.
kombers
kómbers
A blanket; a large piece of warm fabric used as a bed covering or to keep someone warm.
kombuis
kombúis
A kitchen; a room or area where food is prepared and cooked.
kook
kóók
To prepare food by heating it, especially in water or in a pot; to cook.
kop
kóp
The head of a person or animal.
koppig
kóppig
stubborn; obstinate; unwilling to change one’s opinion, decision, or behaviour
kos
kós
thức ăn
Thức ăn; những thứ người hoặc động vật ăn.
koud
kóud
Having a low temperature; not warm or hot.
kreatief
krea'tief
Having or showing imagination and original ideas; able to create something new or artistic.
kruie
krúie
Herbs or spices used to flavour food.
kussing
kússing
a soft padded object used to support the head or body, or to make a seat more comfortable; a pillow or cushion
kwaad
kwáád
angry; cross; upset with someone or about something
lamp
lámp
A device that produces light, especially an electric lamp used in a room.
lekker
lékker
Tasty; pleasant, enjoyable, or nice.
liefde
'liefde
A deep feeling of affection, care, or attachment toward someone or something; love.
liefhê
líefhê
to love; to feel deep affection for someone or something
lig
líg
Light; the natural or artificial brightness that makes things visible.
liggaam
liggáam
The physical body of a person, animal, or living organism.
luister
lúister
to listen; to give attention to sound or to what someone is saying
maak
/mɑːk/
Iets tot stand bring, vervaardig of 'n handeling verrig.
maaltyd
'maaltyd
An occasion when food is eaten, especially breakfast, lunch, or dinner; a meal.
maar
/mɑːr/
Voegwoord wat 'n teenstelling of beperking inlei.
maat
máát
A friend, companion, or mate.
man
mán
An adult male human being.
meel
méel
flour; a fine powder made by grinding grain, especially wheat, used for baking
meer
/meːr/
Vergelykende vorm wat 'n groter hoeveelheid of graad aandui.
melk
mélk
sữa
Sữa; chất lỏng màu trắng do các động vật có vú cái tiết ra, đặc biệt là bò, dùng làm thức ăn và đồ uống.
meng
méng
To combine two or more substances, things, or elements so that they form a mixture.
mense
/mɛnsə/
Meervoud van 'mens'; menslike wesens saam beskou.
met
/mɛt/
Voorsetsel wat geselskap, middel of vergesel aandui.
middagete
míddagete
A meal eaten around the middle of the day; lunch.
moedeloos
móedeloos
nản chí
Cảm thấy hoặc biểu lộ sự mất hy vọng hay mất can đảm; chán nản, nản lòng.
moeder
móeder
A female parent; a woman in relation to her child or children.
moedig
móedig
dũng cảm
Can đảm hoặc dũng cảm; thể hiện lòng can đảm trước nguy hiểm, khó khăn hoặc nỗi sợ.
moet
/mut/
Hulpwerkwoord wat verpligting of noodsaak aandui.
mond
mónd
The mouth: the opening in the face used for eating, speaking, breathing, and making sounds.
mooi
móói
beautiful, pretty, attractive, or pleasing to look at or experience.
my
/mɛi/
Besitlike of voorwerpsvoornaamwoord van die eerste persoon enkelvoud.
môre
/mɔːrə/
Bywoord wat na die dag na vandag verwys.
nederig
néderig
humble; modest; not proud or self-important
nee
/neː/
Woord van ontkenning of weiering.
neef
nééf
anh họ
Anh họ; trong một số cách dùng, cũng là cháu trai, đặc biệt là con trai của anh, chị hoặc em ruột mình.
net
/nɛt/
chỉ
Phó từ có nghĩa là “chỉ” hoặc “chính xác”.
nie
/ni/
Ontkenningswoord wat 'n stelling ontken.
niggie
níggie
A female cousin; also used affectionately for a young female relative, especially a niece or little cousin.
nog
/nɔx/
Bywoord wat voortduring of 'n bykomende hoeveelheid aandui.
nou
/nɔu/
Bywoord van tyd wat die huidige oomblik aandui.
nuwe
/nyvə/
Verboë vorm van 'nuut'; onlangs gemaak of verkry.
of
/ɔf/
hoặc
Liên từ dùng để giới thiệu một lựa chọn giữa các khả năng.
olie
ólie
A greasy liquid substance, usually insoluble in water, used for cooking, lubrication, fuel, or industrial purposes; oil.
om
/ɔm/
Partikel wat saam met 'te' 'n doel of infinitief inlei.
omhels
omhéls
ôm
Ôm hoặc vòng tay quanh ai đó, thường bằng cách đặt tay vòng qua người họ.
onder
/ɔndər/
Voorsetsel wat 'n plek benede of tussen aandui.
ondersteun
onderstéun
to help or assist someone or something, especially by giving practical, emotional, or financial aid
oneerlik
onéérlik
Not honest; deceitful, untruthful, or acting without integrity.
ongeduldig
ongedúldig
not willing or able to wait calmly; showing irritation or restlessness because something is taking too long
ongelukkig
ongelúkkig
Unhappy, sad, or dissatisfied.
ons
/ɔns/
Persoonlike voornaamwoord van die eerste persoon meervoud.
onseker
onséker
Not certain or definite; doubtful, undecided, or not yet known.
ontbyt
ontbýt
Breakfast; the first meal of the day, usually eaten in the morning.
ontspanne
ontspánne
Relaxed, calm, and free from anxiety or tension.
onverskillig
onverskíllig
Indifferent; showing little or no interest, concern, or preference.
onvriendelik
onvriéndelik
Not friendly; showing a lack of kindness, warmth, or courtesy.
oog
óóg
The eye; the organ of sight in a person or animal.
ook
/oːk/
Bywoord wat aandui dat iets ewe of eweneens geld.
oom
óom
An uncle; the brother of one’s mother or father, or the husband of one’s aunt.
oor
óor
The organ of hearing; an ear.
op
/ɔp/
Voorsetsel wat aandui dat iets bo-op 'n oppervlak rus of 'n plek aandui.
opgewonde
opgewónde
phấn khởi
hào hứng; cảm thấy hoặc biểu lộ sự nhiệt tình mong đợi
optimisties
optimísties
lạc quan
Có hoặc thể hiện hy vọng và sự tin tưởng vào tương lai hoặc vào kết quả thành công của một việc gì đó; lạc quan.
ouer
óuer
phụ huynh
Một người cha hoặc người mẹ; cha hoặc mẹ của một người.
ouma
óuma
a grandmother; the mother of one’s father or mother
oupa
óupa
A grandfather; the father of one's mother or father.
pasta
pásta
An Italian-style food made from dough, usually shaped into forms such as spaghetti, macaroni, or lasagne and boiled before eating.
pessimisties
pessimísties
bi quan
Mong đợi kết quả xấu hoặc nhấn mạnh mặt tiêu cực của một tình huống; bi quan.
praat
práát
To speak or talk; to use words in speech, especially in a particular language.
proe
próe
To taste or sample something with the mouth in order to notice its flavour.
prut
prút
to simmer or cook slowly over low heat, with gentle bubbling
rasper
rásper
A grater or rasp; a kitchen or workshop tool with a rough perforated or toothed surface used to grate, shred, or file something.
resep
resép
A set of instructions for preparing a particular dish or drink; a recipe.
respek
respék
A feeling of admiration, esteem, or consideration for someone or something; respect.
respekteer
respektéér
To respect, esteem, or show consideration for someone or something.
roer
róer
To stir or mix a liquid or other substance by moving a spoon or similar implement through it.
rys
rýs
gạo
Gạo; hạt ăn được của một loài cây ngũ cốc, thường được nấu chín và ăn như thực phẩm.
sagte
ságte
Soft, gentle, mild, or tender; the attributive or inflected form of Afrikaans sag, used before a noun or in certain set expressions.
sal
/sal/
Hulpwerkwoord wat die toekomende tyd of 'n voorneme aandui.
sap
sáp
Juice; the liquid obtained from fruit, vegetables, or other foodstuffs, often drunk as a beverage.
self
/sɛlf/
bản thân
Từ phản thân dùng để nhấn mạnh một người hoặc sự việc.
selfversekerd
selfversékerd
Confident; sure of oneself and one's abilities.
senuweeagtig
senuwéeagtig
Nervous, anxious, uneasy, or tense; showing signs of nervousness.
seun
séun
A male child in relation to his parents; a son.
sien
/sin/
Met die oë waarneem; iets raaksien.
skaam
skáam
Feeling nervous or lacking confidence in social situations; shy or bashful.
skakelaar
skákelaar
A switch or switching device used to turn an electrical circuit, light, machine, or similar system on or off, or to change its setting.
skeiding
skéiding
The act or state of separating; a division or boundary between people, things, groups, or ideas.
skep
skép
To create, make, or bring something into being.
skil
skíl
The outer covering, peel, rind, or skin of a fruit, vegetable, or similar object.
skoene
skóene
Shoes; the plural form of Afrikaans “skoen,” a covering for the foot, usually with a sole.
skool
skóol
A school; an institution or place where children or students are taught.
skoon
skóón
Free from dirt, stains, or unwanted matter; clean.
skoonfamilie
skoonfamílie
one's relatives by marriage; one's in-laws collectively
slaai
sláai
A salad; a dish, usually served cold, made from raw or cooked vegetables, fruit, pasta, meat, or other ingredients, often with a dressing.
slaap
sláap
ngủ
ngủ; ở trong trạng thái nghỉ ngơi tự nhiên khi mắt nhắm và ý thức giảm đi
sny
sný
To cut, slice, or sever something with a knife, scissors, or another sharp tool.
so
/suə/
như vậy
Trạng từ chỉ mức độ, cách thức hoặc phương thức.
soen
sóen
hôn
chạm vào ai đó hoặc vật gì bằng môi như một dấu hiệu của tình yêu, tình cảm, lời chào hoặc sự kính trọng; hôn
sokker
sókker
bóng đá
Một môn thể thao đồng đội chơi với một quả bóng tròn, trong đó hai đội cố ghi điểm bằng cách đá bóng vào khung thành đối phương; bóng đá; bóng đá hiệp hội.
sop
sóp
Soup; a liquid dish made by cooking vegetables, meat, or other ingredients in water or stock.
sou
/sɔu/
Verlede tydvorm van 'sal'; dui 'n voorwaardelike of moontlikheid aan.
sout
sóut
A white crystalline substance used to season or preserve food; sodium chloride.
spesery
speserý
A spice; an aromatic plant-derived substance, such as cinnamon, pepper, or cloves, used to flavour food.
spieël
spíeël
a mirror; a smooth reflective surface, especially a glass surface backed with metal, used for seeing reflections
spyskaart
spýskaart
A menu; a written or printed list of the dishes and often drinks available in a restaurant, café, or at a meal.
spyt
spýt
regret; a feeling of sorrow or remorse about something one has done or failed to do
stiefbroer
stíefbroer
A stepbrother; a son of one’s stepparent, or the stepson of one’s parent.
stiefouer
stíefouer
A stepparent; the spouse or partner of one’s biological or adoptive parent, who is not oneself a biological or adoptive parent.
stiefsuster
stíefsuster
A stepsister; a daughter of one's stepparent, or sometimes a daughter of one's parent’s spouse, who is not one's biological sister.
stoel
stóel
A chair; a piece of furniture with a seat, back, and usually four legs, for one person to sit on.
stoom
stóom
Steam; the hot vapour produced when water boils.
stowe
stówe
To stew, braise, or cook food slowly in liquid or its own juices.
suiker
súiker
A sweet crystalline substance obtained chiefly from sugar cane or sugar beet, used to sweeten food and drink.
suster
súster
A girl or woman in relation to other children of the same parents; a sister.
sy
/sɛi/
Persoonlike voornaamwoord wat na 'n vroulike persoon verwys.
sê
/sɛː/
Iets in woorde uitdruk; praat of vertel.
tafel
táfel
A piece of furniture with a flat top and legs, used for eating, writing, working, or placing things on.
tamatie
tamátie
A tomato; the red or yellow edible fruit of a tomato plant, used as a vegetable in cooking and salads.
tante
tánte
An aunt; the sister of one’s mother or father, or the wife of one’s uncle.
te
/tə/
Partikel wat voor 'n infinitiewe werkwoord staan.
tee
'tee
trà
Trà; một thức uống nóng được pha bằng cách ngâm lá trà khô, hoặc những lá trà khô dùng để pha nó.
teleurgesteld
teleurgestéld
Disappointed; feeling sadness or dissatisfaction because something was not as good as expected or hoped.
tevrede
tevréde
satisfied; pleased or content with a situation, result, or person
toe
/tu/
Voegwoord wat 'n gebeurtenis in die verlede inlei ('op daardie tydstip').
trots
tróts
Proud; feeling pleased or satisfied because of one’s own or someone else’s achievement, quality, or possession.
trou
tróu
To marry; to enter into marriage with someone or to get married.
tuis
túis
at home; in or to one’s own home or usual place of residence
twee
/tveː/
Die telwoord vir die getal 2.
tyd
/tɛit/
thời gian
Sự trôi qua của những khoảnh khắc, giờ, ngày và năm.
ui
úi
củ hành
Một củ hành; một loại củ ăn được có mùi và vị hăng, dùng làm rau hoặc gia vị.
uit
/œit/
Voorsetsel of bywoord wat 'n beweging na buite aandui.
vader
váder
A male parent; a father.
van
/fan/
của
Giới từ chỉ sự sở hữu, nguồn gốc hoặc một điểm xuất phát.
vandag
/fanˈdax/
Bywoord wat na die huidige dag verwys.
veel
/feːl/
Bepaler wat 'n groot, onbepaalde hoeveelheid aandui.
venster
vénster
An opening in a wall, vehicle, or similar structure, usually fitted with glass, through which light and air can enter and people can see out; a window.
verantwoordelik
verantwóórdelik
Having the duty or obligation to deal with something or to answer for it; responsible or accountable.
verbaas
verbáas
to surprise, amaze, or astonish someone
verdraagsaam
verdráagsaam
khoan dung
có tính khoan dung; sẵn sàng chấp nhận hoặc tôn trọng những người, niềm tin hay hành vi mà mình có thể không đồng ý
verhit
verhít
To heat something; to make something hot or warmer.
verlowing
verlówing
An engagement; the formal agreement or state of being promised to marry someone.
vertrou
vertróu
tin tưởng
Tin tưởng ai đó hoặc điều gì đó; tin rằng ai đó trung thực, đáng tin cậy hoặc tốt.
vertroue
vertróue
sự tin tưởng
niềm tin vững chắc rằng ai đó hoặc điều gì đó đáng tin cậy, trung thực, hoặc có thể làm được điều được mong đợi
verward
verwárd
bối rối
bối rối, hoang mang, hoặc không thể suy nghĩ rõ ràng
vir
/fər/
Voorsetsel wat 'n doel, ontvanger of begunstigde aandui.
vleis
vléis
the flesh of an animal used as food; meat
voet
vóet
The part at the end of the leg on which a person stands or walks; a foot.
vra
vrá
To ask a question; to seek information by putting a question to someone.
vriend
vríend
a person whom one knows well and likes; a friend
vriendelik
vríendelik
friendly, kind, or pleasant in manner; showing goodwill toward others
vriendin
vriendín
A female friend; a woman or girl with whom one has a friendship.
vrou
vróu
phụ nữ
Một người nữ trưởng thành; một phụ nữ.
vrugte
vrúgte
Fruits; the edible parts of plants or trees, typically containing seeds.
vuil
vúíl
Dirty; not clean; covered with or containing dirt, grime, mud, or another unwanted substance.
waar
/vɑːr/
Vraende of betreklike bywoord wat na 'n plek verwys.
wanneer
/vanˈeːr/
Vraende of betreklike bywoord wat na 'n tydstip verwys.
want
/vant/
Voegwoord wat 'n rede of oorsaak inlei; gee die verklaring vir iets.
warm
wárm
Having or giving a moderate degree of heat; not cold.
was
/vas/
Verlede tydvorm van 'wees'.
wat
/vat/
Betreklike of vraende voornaamwoord wat na 'n saak of ding verwys.
water
wáter
nước
Chất lỏng trong suốt rơi xuống dưới dạng mưa và có trong sông, hồ, biển; thiết yếu cho sự sống.
weduwee
wedu'wee
A woman whose spouse has died and who has not remarried; a widow.
weduwnaar
weduwnaár
A man whose spouse has died and who has not remarried; a widower.
weer
/veːr/
Bywoord wat 'nog 'n keer' of herhaling aandui.
wees
/veːs/
Grondvorm van die werkwoord wat bestaan of 'n toestand aandui.
weet
/veːt/
Kennis van iets hê; van iets bewus wees.
werk
wérk
work; activity involving effort, especially duties, tasks, or employment.
wie
/vi/
Vraende of betreklike voornaamwoord wat na 'n persoon verwys.
wil
/vəl/
Hulpwerkwoord wat 'n begeerte of voorneme aandui.
word
/vɔrt/
Werkwoord wat 'n oorgang na 'n toestand aandui of die lydende vorm vorm.
wortel
'wortel
rễ
Phần dưới mặt đất của cây, giúp neo giữ cây và hấp thụ nước cùng chất dinh dưỡng; rễ.
wrok
wrók
A lasting feeling of resentment, bitterness, or ill will because of a real or perceived wrong; a grudge.
wyn
wýn
An alcoholic drink made by fermenting grape juice; wine.